Since the Yogyakarta Principles were adopted in 2006, they have developed into an authoritative
statement of the human rights of persons of ‘diverse sexual orientations and gender identities’. The
period since then, has seen significant developments both in the field of international human rights
law and in the understanding of violations affecting persons of ‘diverse sexual orientations and gender
identities’, as well as a recognition of the often distinct violations affecting persons on grounds of
‘gender expression’ and ‘sex characteristics’.
The Yogyakarta Principles plus 10 (YP+10) aims to document and elaborate these developments
through a set of Additional Principles and State Obligations. YP+10 should be read alongside the
original 29 Yogyakarta Principles. Together, these documents provide an authoritative, expert
exposition of international human rights law as it currently applies to the grounds of sexual
orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics.
